Measuring Electromagnetic Emissions from Active Landslides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2015.2.788Keywords:
electromagnetic emission, landslide, sliding-down force, slip plane, slope stabilityAbstract
The paper describes the mechanism of electromagnetic emission generation in active landslides and measuring techniques. Special attention is given to electromagnetic emission fields. The author proposes an original system for measuring both continuous and pulsed magnetic emission of landslides. For such measurements boreholes must be drilled in the landslide. It is essential that the tubing constituting the borehole’s lining be made of a material which does not attenuate magnetic fields. Besides its primary function, i.e. the registration of landslide magnetic field activity, the system can be used for the structural inhomogeneity of rock strata examination subjected to considerable stresses. The results of examinations of active and inactive landslide in Poland are presented. The post-extraction cave in the SMZ Jelsava Mine in Jelsava, Slovakia, is presented too.
Downloads
References
[1] M. Jarraud and D. G. Sapir, “Atlas of mortality and economic losses from weather, climate and water extremes (1970–2012)”, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014.
View in Google Scholar
[2] C. J. van Westen and A. R. Soeters, “Landslide hazard and risk zonation – why is it still so difficult”, Bulletin Engineering Geology Environment, no. 65, 2006.
View in Google Scholar
[3] R. Sz. Mastow, W. L. Jaworowicz, and R. M. Gold, “Elektromagnitnaja aktiwnost pri reologiczeskich ispitaniach gornych porod”, Inzenernaja Geologia, no. 2, 1989 (in Russian).
View in Google Scholar
[4] R. Sz. Mastow, G. I. Rudko, and W. N. Sałomatin, “Elektromagnitnaja aktiwnost pri razwitii opolzniei glinistych otłożeniach”, Inzenernaja Geologia, no. 6, 1989 (in Russian).
View in Google Scholar
[5] P. Blaha and R. Duras, “Natural high frequency electromagnetic field on the Karolinka landslide”, EGRSE Int. J. of Exploration Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Environment, vol. XI, no. 1–2, pp. 30–32, 2004.
View in Google Scholar
[6] N. R. Kharkhalis, “Manifestation of natural electromagnetic pulse emission on landslide slopes”, Geophysical J., vol. 14, no. 4, 1995.
View in Google Scholar
[7] P. Fabo, V. Gajdoš, and P. Blaha, “The sources of 14 kHz EM fields observed at geoelectrical measurements”, EGRSE Int. J. of Exploration Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Environment, vol. XI, no. 1–2, 2004.
View in Google Scholar
[8] V. Vybíral, “The PEE method helps assess slope stability”, Laboratory and Field Observations in Seismology and Engineering Geophysics, Institute of Geonics of the AS CR, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, 2002.
View in Google Scholar
[9] M. Krumbholz, M. Bock, S. Burchardt, U. Kelka, and A. Vollbrecht, “A critical discussion of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) method to determine stress orientations within the crust”, Solid Earth, no. 3, 2012.
View in Google Scholar
[10] N. Gershenzon and G. Bambakidis, “Modeling of seismo-electromagnetic phenomena”, Russian J. Earth Sci., vol. 3, no. 4, 2001.
View in Google Scholar
[11] M. Plewa and S. Plewa, Petrofizyka. Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, 1992 (in Polish).
View in Google Scholar
[12] D. R. Hanson and G. A. Rowell, “Electromagnetic radiation from rock failure”, Report of Investigation no. 8594, Colorado School of Mines, Colorado, USA, 1980.
View in Google Scholar
[13] P. Koktavý and J. Šikula, “Physical model of electromagnetic emission in solids”, in Proc. 26th Eur. Conf. Acous. Emission Testing EWGAE 2004, Berlin, Germany, 2004.
View in Google Scholar
[14] A. Rabinovitch, V. Frid, D. Bahat, and J. Goldbaum, “Fracture area calculation from electromagnetic radiation and its use in chalk failure analysis”, Int. J. Rock Mechan. and Mining Sci., no. 37, pp. 1149–1154, 2000.
View in Google Scholar
[15] A. Rabinovitch, V. Frid, D. Bahat, and J. Goldbaum, “Decay mechanism of fracture induced electromagnetic pulses”, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, no. 9, pp. 5085–5090, 2000.
View in Google Scholar
[16] A. Takeuchi and H. Nagahama, “Electric dipoles perpendicular to a stick-slip plane”, Phys. of the Earth and Planet. Inter., no. 15, pp. 208–218, 2006.
View in Google Scholar
[17] S. R. Pride and F. D. Morgan, “Electrokinetic dissipation induced by seismic waves”, Geophysics, vol. 56, no. 7, pp. 914–925, 1991.
View in Google Scholar
[18] P. M. Reppert, F. D. Morgan, D. P. Lesmes, and L. Jouniaux, “Frequency dependent streaming potentials”, J. Colloid and Interface Sci., vol. 234, no. 1, pp. 194–203, 2001.
View in Google Scholar
[19] P. M. Adler, “Macroscopic electroosmotic coupling coefficient in random porous media”, Mathem. Geology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 63–93, 2001.
View in Google Scholar
[20] D. Eccles, P. R. Sammonds, and O. C. Clint, “Laboratory studies of electrical potential during rock failure”, Int. J. Rock Mechan. and Mining Sci., no. 42, pp. 933–949, 2005.
View in Google Scholar
[21] K. Heister, P. J. Kleingeld, T. J. S. Keijzer, and G. Loch, “A new laboratory set-up for measurement of electrical, hydraulic and osmotic fluxes in clays”, Engineering Geology, no. 77, pp. 295–303, 2005.
View in Google Scholar
[22] E. Fedorov, V. Pilipenko, and S. Uyeda, “Electric and magnetic fields generated by electrokinetic processes in a conductive crust”, Phys. and Chemistry of the Earth, vol. 26, no. 10–12, 2001.
View in Google Scholar
[23] V. V. Kormiltsev, A. N. Ratushnyak, and V. A. Shapiro, “Three-dimensional modeling of electric and magnetic fields induced by the fluid flow in porous media”, Phys. of the Earth and Planet. Inter., no. 105, 1998.
View in Google Scholar
[24] A. Prałat, K. Maniak, and S. Wójtowicz, “Device for measuring landslides and measurement technique”, Patent Application no. P.366412/2004 (in Polish).
View in Google Scholar
[25] K. Maniak, “Badanie zjawisk elektromagnetycznych występujących na osuwiskach (The study of electromagnetic phenomena to landslides)”, Doctoral Dissertation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland, 2008 (in Polish).
View in Google Scholar
[26] B. Singh, M. Hayakawa, P. K. Mishra, R. P. Singh, and D. R. Lakshmi, “VLF electromagnetic noise bursts observed in a borehole and their relation with low-latitude hiss”, J. Atmospher. and Solar-Terrestrial Phys., no. 65, 2003.
View in Google Scholar
[27] M. Tsutsui, “Detection of earth-origin electric pulses”, Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 29, no. 8, 2002.
View in Google Scholar
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
